Brain

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The signals only move in one direction:

Brain

Learning Process

Emotional effect on memory

Brain areas

Lower Brain (Reactive Brain)

It reacts to information instinctively

Prefrontal cortex (Thinking Brain)

It will consciously process and reflect the information (through thinking)

Sensory information

Positive

Thinking and learning are enhanced.

The information will enter the cortex.

Negative

Thinking and learning are inhibited.

The information will not enter the cortex.

Memory process

Mind map

Graphic organizer

Brain and Nervous System

Type of nervous system

The Somatic Nervous System

Actively control like moving our legs and arms

The Autonomic Nervous System

Works automatically

Type of nerves

Sensory nerve

The signals are come from our skin (touch), nose (smell), eyes (sight), tongue (taste), nose (smell), and ears (hear).

Carry signals about the outside world to the brain

Motor nerves

Allow the brain to control our muscles by sending a signals to the motor nerves

Characteristics

Utilizes 20% of body’s energy

consume 20% of total body oxygen

 Consist of about 100 billion neurons

Consist of approximately 75% water, 10% fat and 8% protein

Represent 2% of body weight

 1.5 kg or 3 pounds

Brain Theory

Herman Brain Dominance Instrument (HBDI)

Quadrant D : Holistic

Synthesising

Intergrating

Intuitive

Holistic

Quadrant C : Sensitive

Emotional

Kinesthetic

Feeling based

Interpersonal

Quadrant B : Organized

Detailed

Planned

Sequential

Organized

Quadrant A : Logic

Quantitative

Fact-based

Logical

Analytical

The Triune Brain Theory

Reptilian complex

Reliable but tend to be rigid and compulsive

Controls the body’s vital functions

Influence the behavior

Unconsciousness

Value the judgment made

Responsible for emotions

Neocortex

Flexible

Consciousness

Infinite learning capabilities

Abstract thought imagination

Development of human language

Brain Waves Theory

Delta wave, ẟ

Regeneration

Healing

Theta wave, θ

Alpha wave, α

Learning

Beta wave, β

Judgment

Analysis

Decision making

Problem solving

Right Brain-Left Brain Theory

Right Hemisphere

Controls the left side of the body

Left Hemisphere

Controls the right side of the body

Brain structure

Function

Reptilian Brain

Cerebellum

Some memory acquisition for reflex motor acts

Muscle tone

Balance and equilibrium

Sensory representation

Control motor movement coordination

Brain Stem

Sensory alertness

Sense of balance (Vestibular function)

Controls life supporting functions of the nervous system

Limbic System

Thalamus

Relays sensory signals to and from the spinal cord and the cerebrum

Olfactory Cortex

Identification of odors

Hypothalamus

Sleep-wake cycle regulation

Food and water intake regulation

Maintain autonomic functions of the peripheral nervous system

Maintains homeostasis

Hippocampus

Send and retrieves memory from long-term storage in the cerebral hemisphere

Indexes

Amygdala

Memory

Hormonal secretions

Cerebral Cortex

Parietal lobes

Intellect

Sensory information processing

Occipital lobes

Visual information

Temporal lobes

Language and speech production

Emotional responses

Auditory perception

Frontal lobes

Memory acquisition

Reasoning

Forward and critical thinking

Movement