Muscle Actions of LE

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Muscles of the Gluteal Region

Extensors of Hip and Flexors of Knee (Hamstrings)

Semimembranosus

Semitendinosus

flexes leg and IR the when knee is flexed

when thigh and leg are flexed, these mm's can extend trunk

Biceps Femoris

flexes leg and externally rotates it when the knee is flexed

extends thigh

ex: accelerating mass during first step of gait

Abductors and Rotators of Thigh

Quadratus Femoris

Superior and Inferior Gamelli

The gamelli mms blend w/ the shared tendon of the obturator internus as it attaches to the greater trochanter of the femur, collectively forming the triceps coxae

Obturator Internus

Piriformis

ER the hip

abduct flexed thigh

Tensor Fascia Latae

Abducts, Flexes and IR the hip

Gluteus Minimus

Gluteus Medius

Abducts and medially rotates thigh

keeps pelvis level when ipsilateral limb is weight-bearing and advance opposite (unsupported) side during its swing phase

Gluteus Maximus

Extends thigh

assists in lateral rotation

Collectively the 5 muscles listed are the adductors of the thigh, but their actions are more complex (they act as flexors of the hip joint during flexion of the knee joint and are active during walking)

Muscle Actions of LE

Muscles of Medial Thigh: Adductors of Thigh

Obturator Exernus

Laterally rotates thigh (ER the hip);

steadies head of femur in acetabulum

Gracilis

flexes leg

helps rotate leg medially

Adductor Magnus

Adductor part: flexes thigh

Hamstring part: extends thigh

Adductor Brevis

Adducts thigh: to some extent flexes it

Adductor Longus

Adducts thigh

Muscles of the Anterior Thigh: Extensors of Knee

Quadriceps Femoris

Vastus Intermedius

Vastus Medialis

Vastus Lateralis

Extends the knee

Rectus Femoris

Extends the knee and steadies hip joint and helps iliopsoas flex thigh

Muscles of Anterior Thigh: Flexors of Hip Joint

Sartorius

Flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh at hip joint

flexes leg at knee joint (medially rotating leg when knee is flexed)

**The 4 actions of sartorius produce the cross-legged position aka tailors position

Iliopsoas

acts conjointly in flexing thigh at hip joint

The psoas major is also a postural muscle that helps control the deviation of the trunk and is active during standing

Pectineus

Flexes and adducts thigh

assists with medial rotation of thigh