atomic structure

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atomic structure

electron affinity

The electron affinity is the potential energy change of the atom when an electron is added to a neutral gas

shielding

The more electron shells there are, the greater the shielding effect

the shielding effect, describes the decrease in attraction between an electron and the nucleus in any atom with more than one electron shell.

electron negativity

The tendency of an atom in a molecule to attract the shared pair of electrons towards itself

the closer you move to the top right corner of the periodic table the more electron negativity it has.

effective nuclear charge

increases when you move left to right on the periodic table

The Effective nuclear charge is the actual amount of positive charge experienced by an electron

ionization enrgy

increases when you move up and left to right on the periodic table

the minimum amount of energy required to remove the most loosely bound electron, the valence electron

atomic mass/number and isotopes

Each isotope of an element has an atomic mass. The average of all the atomic masses of an element's isotopes gives an element's atomic weight

The difference between isotopes and radioisotopes is that a radioisotope can decay because the isotope has less nuclear charge and protons escape

The atomic number and atomic mass can be used in equations to find the unknown one. To get the atomic mass is neutrons + atomic number and to get atomic number is neutrons - atomic mass

atomic radius

it decreases from left to right and up to down

is the size of the electrons in a atom