Biology 311C Concept Map

Mais informações

A tour of the cell

por معاذ العساف

Risa's Chapter 3 - Cell Structure and Function

por Risa Gough

Food groups

por NURIA SALVADOR MONNER

Epithelial

por Nina Sawyer

Floating topic

Water

Properties of Water

Universal Solvent

Non Polar Molecule Behavior

Amphipathic Molecules

High Heat of Vaporization

High Specific Heat

Hydrogen Bonding

Cling to Polar Molecules

has a checkpoint

start with replicated chromosome

start with homologous chromosome pair

same as mitosis

meiosis 2

meiosis 1

1 sex chromosome

22 autosomes

produces gametes

cell plate (plant)

cleavage furrow (animal)

cytokinesis

telophase

anaphase

metaphase

prometaphase

prophase

duplication

single chromatid chromosome

S (DNA synthesis)

G2

G1

interphase

phases of cell cycle

haploid

diploid

mitosis

meiosis

germ cells

somatic cells

homologous

sister chromatids

centromere

allele

chromosomes

karyotype

Cell Cycle and Regulation

chemical

electrical

synapses

cell signaling

cellular responses

phosphorylation cascade

cAMP activates protein kinase A

converts ATP to cAMP (secondary receptor)

gate closes

ligand leaves

cellular response

gate opens

ligand binds to ion channel receptor

produces 2 cellular responses

relay proteins bind to dimer, get activated

uses ATP to get phosphorylated

forms dimer

signal molecule binds

G protein binds inactive enzyme (adenylyl cyclase)

G protein activated by GTP

signal molecule binds receptor

ion channel receptor

tyrosine kinase receptor

G protein receptor

receptor on cell membrane

nucleus

cytoplasm

receptor in cell

hydrophilic signal molecule

hydrophobic signal molecule

long distance signaling

local signaling

cell communication

sodium potassium pump

turgid/normal (plant)

lysed (animal)

plazmolyzed (plant)

shriveled (animal)

flaccid (plant)

normal (animal)

isotonic

hypotonic

hypertonic

osmotic conditions

active transport

membrane transport

facilitated diffusion

simple diffusion

Diffusion

intercellular joining

cell-cell recognition

signal transduction

enzyme

transport protein

Membrane Proteins

Cell Membranes

uracil

guanine

cytosine

thymine

adenine

phospholipids

trans fat

unsaturated fat

saturated fat

LDL

HDL

testosterone

cholesterol

steroids

beta glucose

alpha glucose

cellulose

glycogen

starch

nucleotides

amino acids

glucose

polysaccharides

monosaccharides

Lipids

Nucleic acids

Carbohydrates

Macromolecules

Photosynthesis

Light

Light Reactions

Photosystem II

ETC

Photosystem I

ATP & NADPH

Calvin cycle

Carbon Dioxide

Sugar G3P

Protein Sorting

Glycoprotein

Organelles

Rough ER

Golgi

Lysosomes

Stay in Golgi

Exocytosis

Plasma Membrane

Secretion

Free Ribosomes

Dna Structure & Replication

RNA

Polymerase Chain Reaction

Models of DNA Replication

Messleson And Stahl

Dispersive

Conservative

Semiconservative

Double Stranded

helicase

Replication Bubble

Okazaki Fragments

Lagging & Leading Strands

Replication Fork

ORI

Chargaff's Rule

Base Pairing

Avery, McCleod, McCarty

Griffith

Cell

Bacteriophages

DNA

Mutations

Frame Shift

Reading Frame

Nonsense

Missense

Silent

Chromosome

Gene

Gene Expression

Translation

Peptidyl transferase

Amino acyl tRNA synthatase

Initiation Factors

Cap at 5' end in Eukaryotes

Fmet in prokaryotes

Amino Acids

Binding Sites for tRNA

E Site

A Site

P Site

Proteins

tRNA

Transcription

RNA processing

Splicing

Alternate Splicing

Phosphodiester Bonds

Exons

Introns

Initiation

RNA polymerase

Elongation

Termination

5' to 3'

mRNA

Protein

Cellular Respiration

Glycolysis

4 ATP, 2 NADH, and 2 Pyruvate Produced

No Oxygen

Fermentation

2 Ethanol + 2 CO2

2 Lactid Acid

Oxygen

Mitochondria

Pyruvate Oxidation

Citric Acid Cycle

3 NADH, 1 FADH2, 1 ATP

Oxidative Phosphorylation

Electron Transport and Chemiosmosis

Eukaryotic Cell

Lymphocytes

B cells

Antibodies

T cells

Cytosol

Cytoskeleton

Intermediate Filaments

Microfilaments

Microtubules

Ribosomes

Protein Synthesis

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Smooth

Rough

Golgi apparatus

Lysosome

Nucleus

Animal Cell

Intercelluar Junctions

Plasmodesmata

Gap, tight, cell membrane

Pinocytosis

Phagocytosis

Macrophages

Plant Cell

Cytoplasmic Streaming

Central Vacuole

Tonoplast

Chloroplast

Chemical Evolution/Prokaryotes

Reduced atmosphere

Milley & Urey

Oparin's Bubble

Chemical Bonding & Organic Compounds

Functional Groups

Methyl

Phosphate

Sulfuhydryl

Amino

Carboxyl

Carbonyl

Hydroxyl

Carbon Skeletons

Isomers

Cis-Tran

Geometric

Enantiomers

Structural

Electronegativity

Diff. Electronegativity

Basic

Acidic

Polar

Ion-Dipole

Dipole-Dipole

Similar negativity

Nonpolar

Van Der Waals

Hydrophobic