cellular resperation

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This process occurs twice

glycolisis

glucose

energy investment

phosphorylated by hexokinase

an enzyme alters it into

phosphorylated by PFK into

F16BP

BPG

3PG

2PG

PEP

Pyruvate

Pyruvate oxidation

Pyruvate enters mitochondria via transport protien

Pyruvate is decarboxylated and CO2 is released. It now has 2 carbons

Coenzyme A is attached to make acetyl CoA

Acetyl CoA

Krebs Cycle

Oxidative phosphorylation

2 steps

Chemiosmosis

Pumps protons from inner membrane back down the H+ gradient which results in the making of ATP through ATP synthase

ATP Synthase

transport protien

As protons move down the gradient ADP is turned into ATP

Production of ATP is called oxidative phosphorylation

Final step of Cellular respiration

Electron Transport Chain

FADH2

goes through complexes 2,3,4

6 protons

1.5 ATP

NADH

goes through complexes 1, 3, 4

10 protons

2,5 ATP

Complex I

Intermembrane space

Complex II

Coenzyme Q

Complex III

Cytochrome C

Complex IV

Oxygen( HEATHER)

Oxygen is the most electronegative, it drives ETC as well as removes electrons from complex IV and 2 protons from the matrix ( this makes H2O

Electrons are delivered by NADH and FADH2

proton pumping

Splitting of oxygen to form H2O

movement of electrons

electrochemical gradient

NAD+ and FAD

Inner mitochondrial membrane

Oxaloacetate

NAD= into NADH

Cirate

Isocitrate

a- ketoglutarate

Succinyl- CoA

Coenzyme A is added

Succinate

Fumarate

Malate

H2O

FAD into FADH2

CoA

ATP

NAD+ to NADH

NAD+ into NADH

Co2

Co2 and H2O

per glucose

matrix of the mitochondria

Aerobic

NAD+ is reduced to NADH

aerobic

End products:

ONLY 2 NET ATP

4 ATP

DHAP

G3P

reaction type:

Anaerobic

occurs in:

Cytoplasm

2 ATP