DNA Generalities

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DNA Generalities

Asexual division in eukaryotes: Mitosis

In sexually reproducing organisms, in addition to mitosis, a type of cell division called meiosis also occurs. In the latter, the four daughter cells are derived from stem cells and each daughter cell has half the genetic content of the cell from which they are derived.

In prokaryotes: Binary fission

what is

Binary fission is a form of asexual reproduction that occurs in archaea and bacteria. It consists of DNA replication, followed by cytokinesis (cytokinesis), resulting in two daughter cells. Bacterial DNA has a high mutation rate.

Eukaryotic DNA

organisms have many DNA molecules per cell

Prokaryotic DNA

In prokaryotic cells, DNA is a single molecule, usually a double-stranded (closed) circular molecule, located in a cell segment called a nucleoside.

Eukaryotic cell

organisms formed by cells with true nuclei

Prokaryotic cell

The domain that includes microorganisms made up of prokaryotic cells, that is, cells that have free DNA in the cytoplasm, since there is no cell nucleus.

DNA Chemical Structure

DNA has a central part with a sugar and a phosphate, to which molecules called bases bind. These bases can be of 4 types:

guanine

thymine

cytosine

Adenine

CELL

Basic structures

Ribosomes

Cell membrane

DNA

Cytoplasm

What is

The basic structure and functional units of all known organisms.