roman history
Roman Forum
the via sacra (sacred way) was a road that ran through it
this was the main market place
Roman legacy
our calendar is the same as the Romans
common glass, windows, hospitals and shopping complexes
common currency
common laws
common language
Roman religion
sarcophagus: coffin to cremate
River Styx: river to heaven
Charon: the legendary ferry man
burial customs: a coin is placed in the persons mouth to pay the ferry fare to Charon
Neptune - God of the sea
Mercury - messenger of the Gods
Venus - God of love
Mars - God of war
Juno - queen of the Gods
Jupiter - king of the Gods
each roman family had a shrine in their homes called a larium
What did Rome do for us?
legal system
towns and cities
cities founded by Rome: London and Paris
religion
the spread of christianity
catacombs - for hiding, praying and saying mass
politics
language
concrete
architecture
the calendar
shopping centres
central heating
aqueducts
roads
buildings
Roman army
you had to be 18 to join the army
training is very hard
a century: has 100 men and a centurion controls them
catapulta: small catapult
onager: small catapult
balista: big catapult
scorpion crossbow on a stand
rammer
the general: usually came from patrician background and was responsible for feeding the men
the aquila was a silver eagle and if it was taken the whole legion would be disbanded
flogging was a punishment for disobedience
soldiers served 20 to 25 years and were given a sum of money or a small plot of land when discharged
if mutiny was suspected every tenth man would be executed this was called decimation
signifier/standard holder
auxiliaries: these were non - Roman
a legion: made up of five cohorts
rations reduced also for punishment
soldiers equipment: metal helmet, scarf to protect and keep neck warm, shield was made of wood or leather with an iron rim, pila ( javelins ) and were 2 meters long 1/2 a meter long double edged sword (gladius) and a dagger.
testudo
a cohort: made up of ten centuries
army: 3 divisions
key words
Roman architecture
aqueducts: sloping bridges carrying water into the city
famous roads such as the via sacra and the via appia ( the appian way)
mile stones
over 20 main roads out of Rome
Romans were great road builders
all roads lead to Rome
concrete - mixture of lime, water and volcanic ash and made buildings stronger and able to last longer
the Pantheon: Roman dome built in 25BC , it had columns, arches and domes
crime and punishment in Rome
crimes: burglary, fraud in trade, arson, murder and a slave escaping was also regarded as a crime
punishment included: crucifiction, execution, fine, gladiator, and exile
soldiers and vigils
crimes were taken from the twelve tables
worse = jury
better = magistrate
life in Rome
governor: these men ruled the provinces of the empire
houses
salt mines
farms
slops
slave
quarrys
baths: washing facilities
gym
restaurants
massage rooms
libraries
hot room
warm room
cold room
theatre
entertainment in Rome
circus maximus/lippodrome
gladiators
colosseum
plebian
insulae
tunic
patrician
stola
toga
domus
atrium: an open room with a pond and used to impress guests
peristyle: an enclosed garden
villa
