Categorie: Tutti - archaea

da Abhi Shivam mancano 6 anni

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Biology 11 Concept Map

The document explores the diversity and classification of various life forms across multiple domains and kingdoms. It begins with plants (Plantae), highlighting their photosynthetic abilities and reproductive strategies such as sexual fusion and embryonic development.

Biology 11 Concept Map

Chordates

Birds, Amphibians, Fish, and reptiles

Vertabrata

Gnathostomata

Large, jawed animals

Jaws help catch prey by gripping onto them

Multi chambered hearts, amniotic eggs, water tight skin help retain water on land

Amphibia

2 chambered heart young develop 3 chambered heart as adults

Water and land


Rhinella Marina

Reptilia

Claws

Internal skeleton and fertilization

Scales on exterior

Python regius

Aves

Hollow bones

4 chambered hearts

feathers

Erithacus Rubicula

Mammalia

Hair

Mammary glands (Milk production)

3 middle ear bones

4 chamber hearts

Monotremes

Lay eggs

Monotremata

Platypus

Marsupials

Fetus is small and immature

Marsupialia

Most young carried in a pouch

Opossum

Placentals

Have a placenta to provide nourishment to developing young

Lagomorpha

Powerful hind legs

Hares

Tetrapoda
Amniotes
Agnathans

Jawless fish

Suck for food

Hagfish
Lampreys

Echinoderms

Deutrosomes

Radial, sort of

Sea urchins

Starfish

Bivalva

Clams

Animalia

Embryonic development stage: Blastula

Heterotrophic

Motile (Mostly)


Mollusks

Shells

Foot

Mantle

Coelom

Cephalopoda
Octopus
Gastropoda
Snails

Arthropoda

Jointed appendages

Exoskeleton (chitin)

Molts

Chelicerate
Scorpionidae
Aranae

Spiders (Arachnids)

Uniramia
Hexapoda

Insects

Bees

Diplopoda

Millipedes

Chilopoda

Centipede

Crustacea
crabs
Trilobita

Extinct

Annelida

Complete digestive tract

segmentation

Closed circulatory system


Earthworms
Leeches

Nematoda

Round worms

Complete digestive structure

Platyhelminthes

Bilateral

3 germ layers

Cephalization

incomplete digestive structure

Cestoda

Tapeworms

Trematoda

Flatworms

Subtopic

Cnidaria

Incomplete digestive systems

Radially symmetrical

No mouth or nervous systems


Scyphozoa
The true jellyfish
Hydrozoa
Fire Corals
Cubozoa
Box Jellyfish
Anthozoa
Sea Anemones/ Corals

Porifera

Filter feed


Sponges

Asexual reproduction

Asymmetry

Sessile

Plantae

Photosynthetic

Sexual fusion reproduction

Develop from embryos

Angiosperms

Flowering plants

Attract other animals to help spread seeds on land and fertilize.

Flowering Plants

P. Anthophyta

Magnolia grandiflora

Gymnosperms

Naked seeds

Conifer plants adaptation: Needle leaves reduce S.A., conserving water.

ginkgo

P. Ginkophyta

Ginkgo biloba

gnetophyta

P. Gnetophyta

Gnetum gnemon

Cycads

P. Cycadophyta

Cycus revoluta

Conifers

P. Coniferophyta

Scots pine

Seedless Vascular

Ferns

Leaves called fronds

Vascular tissue and roots for land survivability

Ferns

P. Pterophyta

Pteridium aquilinum

Club mosses

P. Lycophyta


Bryophytes


Live in moist habitats to retain moisture out of water

Lack vascular tissue

Hornworts

P. Anthocerophyta

Liverworts

P. Hepaticophyta

Mosses

P. Bryophyta

Fungi

Chemoheterotrophic

Cell walls composed of chitin

Both sexual and asexual reproduction

Deuteromycota

(Disease-causing)

Asexually reproduction only has been observed.

Produce asexual spores through sporogenesis

Aspergillus niger

Basidiomycota

Mushrooms

Reproduction takes place in the "fruiting body"

False Truffle

Zygomycota

(Bread Mould) Gametangial fusion developing into a zygospore

Rhizomes Stolonifer

Ascomycota

(Yeast)

Asexual reproduction

Reproduce through budding

Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Domain

Kingdoms

Phylums
Subphylum

Classes

Groups

Order

Clade

Superclasses

Protista

Heterotrophic or autotrophic

Mostly unicellular.

All are aquatic.

Motile by flagella, pseudopods, or cilia.


NOT animals, plants, or fungi.

Fungal-like Protists

Saprophytic Heterotrophs:

Digest the food externally and absorb the nutrients.

Water Molds

Plant-like Protists

Autotrophic. Can internally nourish themselves by photosynthesis.

Rhodophyta
Red algae
Euglenoids
Euglena

Animal-like protists

Heterotrophic. Hunt other micro-organisms for nutrition.

Sporozoan
Plasmodium
Not motile: Lives in the gut of a mosquito
Flagellates
Trypanosome gambiense
Flagella for movement. Rotor-like whipping motion
Ciliates
Paramecium caudatum
Move with cilia (act like oars in water. Very fast)
Sarcodines
Amoeba Proteus
Move with pseudopods (False feet)

Archaebacteria

Archaea with the ability to survive some of the most extreme environments in the world (Extreme cold, hot, dry, acidic). Prokaryotic.


Crenarchaeota

Eubacteria

Prokaryotes: Simple organisms with no nucleus. No membrane-bound organelles.


Morphology:

Coccus: (Round) ~Staphylococcus


Bacillus: (Rod) ~ Hay Bacillus


Spirillum: (Spiral) ~Campylobacter jejuni

3 Domains of Life

Bacteria

Prokaryotes: Any and all bacteria that are not Archaea Bacteria

Single celled-No nucleus-asexual reproduction

Archaea

Prokaryotes: Oldest domain, an ancient type of bacteria.

No nucleus-not complex-similar to eukarya

Eukarya

Eukaryotes and have membrane-bound organelles with complex structures.