av Rozaimi Razali 2 år siden
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severe form
stooped posture
Gout
Osteoarthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis
Delayed growth
They remove the bone matrix by phagocytosis, dissolve the bone salts, and release the calcium and phosphate ions into the circulation
multinucleated cells related to macrophages, are concerned with bone resorption.
Make the bone calefied and more rigid, osteoblasts become incorporated within the bone and become transformed into relatively inactive mature bone cells called osteocytes.
Mature Osteoblast
relation with mitosis
Dont undergo mitosis
function/purpose
secrete an enzyme, alkaline phosphatase, that promotes deposition of calcium phosphate salts in the bone matrix to calcify the bone
definition
active bone-forming cells that produce the collagenous bone matrix.
bones vary in size and appearance
irregular
protect various parts of your body. Eg, your vertebrae protect your spinal cord.
vary in shape and structure and therefore do not fit into any other category. have a fairly complex shape, which helps protect internal organs
vertebrae, sacrum, coccyx, temporal, sphenoid, ethmoid, zygomatic, maxilla, mandible, palatine, inferior nasal concha, and hyoid.
flat
protect internal organs such as the brain, heart, and pelvic organs.
two thin layers of compact bone enclosing between them a variable quantity of cancellous bone, which is the location of red bone marrow.
occipital, parietal, frontal, nasal, lacrimal, vomer, hip bone (coxal bone), sternum, ribs, and scapulae
short
provide stability to the wrist and ankle joints and also help facilitate some movements.
shaped roughly as a cube and contain mostly spongy bone. The outside surface is comprised of a thin layer of compact bone.
include the carpal bones of the hands that allow movement of the wrist, and the tarsal bones of the feet that allow movement of the ankle.
long
purpose
provides considerable strength without excessive weight. The parts of a typical long bone are referred to by specific terms.
the shape
e long cylindrical part, and the expanded ends of the shaft are called the epiphyses. The center of the shaft is hollowed out to form the marrow cavity, which is filled with fat and bone marrow.
where is it usually found?
upper and lower limbs, has a tubular shape with expanded ends.
cancellous bone
contains a high number of bone cells and is responsible for changes in bone growth and structure.
Inner, spongy layer of bone
cortical bone
mechanical strength and makes up the majority of the skeleton.
Outer layer of compact layer
