Causes of Social Change

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Negative Pressure Rooms:

Used for airborne precautions to ensure pathogen containment.

Airborne Precautions:

Required for infections that spread via the air (e.g., tuberculosis, varicella); use of N95 respirators is mandatory.

Droplet Precautions:

Required for respiratory pathogens like influenza or RSV; healthcare workers must wear masks when interacting with the patient.

High-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters:

Used to prevent airborne pathogen spread

Private Rooms:

Where possible, especially for patients with MDROs.

Contact Precautions:

Gown and gloves must be worn when entering the patient's room, particularly for multidrug-resistant organisms (e.g., MRSA, VRE).

Standard Precautions:

Used for all patients, including hand hygiene, use of gloves, gowns, and masks where appropriate.